Alternative name
β2M
Description
β-2 microglobulin is a small lymphoid cell surface protein protein. Serum concentrations can be used as an index of cellular turnover and renal function sdince it is rapidly excreted through a healthy kidney. β-2 microglobulin is a useful prognostic marker in myeloma but also raised in Sjogrens syndrome, HIV related disease and after organ transplantation. Concentrations are raised in renal tubular dysfunction irrespective of cause (e.g. heavy metal, cytotoxic drugs).
Indication
Index of cellular turnover and renal function. Used to monitor myeloma. Good index of GFR.
Interpretation
Useful for monitoring myeloma including those which do not produce paraproteins. Levels of <4.0mg/L at presentation give best prognosis >20g/L represent worst prognosis.β-2 microglobullin measurements are of little value in CLL, Hodgkins or non-hodgkins lymphoma or Burkitts.In Aids or Aids related complex β-2 microglobulin levels are accuraste predictor of disease progression. Levels in excess 5mg/L at presentation are associated with rapid progression and poor prognosis.
Sample
Serum Separator Tube (SST)
Assay details
Nephelometry
Restrictions
Increased levels of lipids (lipaemia), haemoglobin (haemiolysis), or the prescence of icterus in the assay sample may affect the assay result.
Reference range
Male: 0.7 – 1.8mg/L
Female: 1.1-2.4mg/L
Turnaround time
5 – 7 days
Analysing laboratory
Immunology The James Cook University Hospital